Write a summary for the chapter you were assigned using your chapter analysis paper, be descriptive since others are relying on your post to gain information for that specific chapter.
The whole chapter is about cotton mills and the working that comes along with it. The biggest provider of cotton was Japan until WW2 came about and there weren't as many people were working for it. Mostly women because they were "naive, diligent, and nimble". They were paid very little because they were naive. Later on the workers were mostly inmates in jail and the hours were longer and the pay was minimal. Chapter 6.
Chapter 4 1. The way cotton was evaluated and payed for was improved, as a result the quality of cotton improved. 2. Government subsides payed cotton farmers more than what the cotton was worth, so that in return the farmers would sell the cotton at a lower price, but still make a profit. 3. The manufacturing of cotton improved and this lead to an immense number of products made from cotton and cotton seeds.
Chapter 4 The largest production of cotton seed in the us is 1,200 tons of cotton seed oil in a day.Approximately 30 percent of the finalized product of the cotton seed is used for fertilizer, garden mulch and soil conditioner. Plains Yazoo Cotton Oil Mill is the worlds largest cotton oil seed production and the largest oilmill.
James Martinez - Chapter 4 Chapter 4 covers the journey of Reinsches' cotton to China that begins with a trip to Citizen's Shallowater Cooperative Cotton Gin. The process being: Backward to seed, Forward to Denim. Farmers make profit at every step. After the cotton is materialized, the final step is marketing. With marketing, farmers usually take the first deal they can get because it can be sort of a brutal process. My reflection on this chapter is, although very boring, it is infinitely informing on the process of constructing cotton and packaging and marketing. Marketing being the hardest process for the farmers since they have to go out of their norm. The chapter concludes with dealing with worms, who won the battle in Chapter 4, because of the use of the wrong pesticides.
1. Accidents of birth have always shaped destiny. In China, the accidents is hukou. To the worker, hukou is the leash, but to the textile industry, hukou is competitive strength, ensuring a stable and cheap labor force for the urban industry. 2. On the farm, China has poor working condition: low pay, long hours, rights are limited, dusty air quality. 3. 12 hours a day, $7 per week. Spend $1 on clothes a week.
Evaluation: Since working conditions are so rough and the worker only get paid $7 a week they can only spend a dollar on clothing per week but some say that they should only be spending 25 cents on clothing per week.
Chapter 4 1.The USA produces the most cotton. 2. California produces the best quality of cotton. Texas being the lowest. Black men's cotton is cheaper then white men's cotton. 3. Cotton can be used in many different things like chips, catfish, Food. There is racism, because people who are black, get paid less for there cotton. California has better cotton than Texas, because Texas doesn't have a very advanced technology, and even if they did, it would be hard for them to even get paid more, because they are known for having bad cotton.
1. In the decade ending in 1897, Southern textile exports to China more than double. In the late 1800s, China purchased more than half of U.S. cloth exports and more than half of U.S. exports to China were cotton textiles… 2. In the early part of the twentieth century, southern girls entered the mills as young as age 7. 3. In the early 1900s, researchers sent by the U.S. government to examine the Japanese textile industries found that wages for cotton mill workers in Japan were 20 to 47 percent lower than wages in the United States and England, even when they accounted for productivity differences.
Summary: They start working at a really young age. Also what's the reason for Japan being 20 to 47 percent lower than wages in the United States, if when they accounted for productivity differences.
Alfonso Martinez Ch. 5 1. Since 1980, Chinese apparel exports have grown at an average rate of 30%, more than 6 times the rate of growth in merchandise trade. Americans purchase approximately 1 billion garments every year, about 4 per citizen. 2. Pietra was really welcomed at first at the beginning because she not not someone famous. However, after she wrote her book and tried to go back to the factory, she was denied access. 3. The process is transformation rather than assembly and almost every stage of the process is circular rather than linear: winding, twisting, spinning, coiling. Summary: Chinese manufacturing companies are very high in demand, yet they are very secretive about their processes. The process is different from the general consensus, but nonetheless the Chinese are a powerhouse in the manufacturing business.
1. Cotton is not just used for t shirts it is also used for for food and cooking oil. Cotton seed is really popular and is used in chips and even ice cream to reduce ice crystals. Also it is used to make catfish and cow food. 2.the U.S is clearly the most powerful when it comes to yields, technology, farm income, and farm size. 3. American farmers are paid more than African farmers. The yields in Africa are half the size of the ones in America. African has low labor costs so people take advantage by paying them less.
chapter: 4 Cotton growers have also shown an astounding ability to coax value out of cotton production by throwing nothing away and finding somebody , anybody, to eat or to buy it. Out of the 22,000 pounds of cotton that leave Nelson's farm in the module truck, only about 5,300 pounds is the white lint that will be returned into T-shirts.
Chapter 5 pages 77-79 discusses the how cotton is traveled from Texas,New Mexico, and Nevada, then travels to California then is shipped over the Pacific to China. The chapter basically discussed how the United States is the one growing all the cotton and as soon as China gets a hold of it and makes it a t-shirt it automatically turns into a "Made in China" label.
Chapter 7 On the farm, china has poor working conditions. Such as low pay, long hours, rights are limited to the workers, and dusty air quality. A 9 year old girl not engaged in textile works but busy driving bullocks to fields and back at it again. She also cleans out their houses, and bedding them up; washes potatoes and boil them for pigs. The field working sucks but the Amazon Cotton Mill is a different story, The factory working life experience is easier than field working.
chapter 4 The 3 main points were that west african farmers receive less pay while the u.s. farmers receive more pay. some of the african farmers think they are gazelles while in the high political power government think they are lions. farmers,migrant workers slave & share croppers don't get some of the basic freedom & in the labor market.
Chapter 4 The cotton industry has several different factors when it comes to how well it does and is used for several different purposes. The price of cotton can depend on the location and exactly where it is coming from. The leftover cotton that is not used for a shift goes to food like chips and ice cream and gets turned into food. Ultimately, the most powerful when it comes to the cotton industry and many other things is the U.S.
the u.s is clearly the most powerful when it comes to yields, technology, farm income and size. The main point was what happens to the cotton that is not used for a shirt for example it goes to foods like chips and ice cream it gets turned into food or catfish and cows. american farmers get paid more than west african farmers their yields are half of those in u.s people in west africa have low labor cost so they get paid less.
Chapter 7 The industrial revolution helped increase production rate, therefore the demand for workers lessened and the price of products were lowered. In the late 1800’s textile exports doubled and China purchased more than half of U.S. cloth exports. In the late 1900’s research showed that cotton mill wages were lower in other countries.
Working conditions were compared to life and jail while a physician who visited the mills noticed right away that prison working hours were shorter and lunch breaks were longer. Most of the workers were very poor children and weren't complaining cause of the money they were earning. chapter 6.
Chapter 6 Majority workers were children that were poor. They could start working at the age of five. These workers wouldn't complain about the money they earned, all they care about is actually getting the money. Children and adults would work because they came from poor families and they needed money so they would work.
Sisters in Time 1 Jiang Lan is one of many examples of docility on a leash. Working eight hours per day, six days per week in the number 36 yarn factory in Shanghai. Working without complain. 2 Factors such as supply and price of labor are crucial in understanding china's leadership position in this industry. 3 The compete story requires not only that we understand supply and price, terms that have meaning through the global market, but also that we understand Lan's limited life in China.
It all stems from eighteenth-century English ideals. A good worker is one who as worked for low-end textile and apparel factories and one who has endure repetitive drudgery not just cheaply, but willingly and uncomplainingly.
chapter 5 1 since 1980 qpparel expor have grow at an average rate 30% more than the american is the 6% . 2 the process is tranformation rather than assemby and almost every stage of the is a circular rather than linear . 3 pietra was really welcomen at the began becauses was no someone after she had written her book, she try to go back, but since she had written a book , they a denied
Ch. 4 49-53 1. The Citizen's Shallowater Cooperative Cotton Gin is like a community cotton gin. Farmers weren't making as much money as people who owned cotton gins, so a group of farmers decided to buy a cotton gin to be in control. 2. the lint that makes t-shirts is only 24 % of the cotton that leaves the farm. The rest is Burs, Sticks, Trash and seed. 3. Cottonseed oil is very popular in foods. It is preferred by chefs and many other snack companies. My own thoughts are that farmers are taking advantage and now are thriving in their businesses, because of it.
Chapter 7 Jiang Lan gets paid a little bit of money but works 6 hours 6 days per week “She likes her job”. she is the ideal worker because she doesn’t complain and she does the work she is told to do. “The Chinese government controls workers in ways that are bad for China’s human rights records but very good for production of T-shirts”. China is a communist country and they use the hukou system. It holds a record of the people living in a house.
Chapter 4 China was one of the largest to produce cotton in 2008 and started using the Bt seed which helped the environment. Africa was one of the poorest countries to produce cotton compared to U.S. Nelson Reinsch lost all his crops due to the worms, became a serious problems in this countries.
chapter 5 1. since 1980,Chinese apparel exports have grown at an average rate of 30% more than 6 times the rate of growth in merchandise trade. Americas purchase approximately of 1 billion garments ever year, about 4 per citizen. 2. Pietra, the writer of the book, was really welcome to go inside the factors in china . After she had written her book, she tried to go back to the factors but she was denied because she had become someone, a writer. 3.the process is transformation rather than assembly and almost every stage of the process is circular, rather than linear winding,twisting, spinning, coiling.
Chapter 10 1.The US controls where and who we buy t-shirts from. They do this because they don't want 1 country selling them all the shirts because it is unfair to the other countries. 2.The US taxes where people buy the t-shirts from so it'll effect where we get our shirts from. 3. A argument is should the poorest countries be freed from quotas or should the bigger exporters be allowed to go first I learned that people don't have the freedom to buy as much cotton as they want from where they want.
1. Since world war 2 ended, every U.S. president has publicly supported the doctrine of free trade either because they felt it kept Communism or war away or because they felt it was the best economic policy. 2. In 2004 poor countries cam together to shape the global trade agenda. 3. The government limits exploitation People aren't happy with the rules, but don't really do anything about it.
James Martinez - Chapter 9 This chapter covers the rules & regulations of importing, exporting, and the making/creating, of T-shirts and where they come from and where they go to. Textile & apparel trade us the most managed and protected manufacturing trade in U.S History. The rules governing apparel imports into the U.S seemed to change almost daily. The restrictions and regulations governing apparel imports are written, administered, and enforced by hundreds of lobbyists and lawyers, also bureaucrats from the Department of Treasury, the Department of Commerce, the Congressional Textile Caucus, etc.
Chapter 9 1. Between 2000 and 2007, the U.S. textile and apparel industries lost more than one-half of their remaining jobs, and looming on Auggie’s horizon... and on the horizon of manufactures everywhere... is the China threat, as well as a new set of rules to take force in 2009.
2. In 1991, more than half of Americans’ clothing was produced domestically, but in 2007, 95 percent of the 20 billion garments Americans purchased were produced overseas.
3. In July 2003, the leaders of the ATMI, CRI, GTMA, THA, AFAI, NCMA, and TDA joined forces in a powerful alphabet army to demand that the Bush of Administration take action against China.
Summary: I learned that everyone wants to stop China, because it is increased in production and everyone else is slowing down.
Chapter 9 1. In U.S. textiles and apparel trade is the most managed and protected manufacturing in history. 2. Government officials and members of the congress want free trade in T-shirts. 3. The restrictions and regulations governing apparel imports are written, administer, and enforced by hundreds of lobbyists and lawyers. Also bureaucrats from the Department of Treasury, etc..
Chapter 10 1. After WWII approximately 2.5 million workers in the U.S. in 2008 about 500,00 people were still employed. 2. About 4% of manufacturing employment. 3. The extent to which the industry can speak with one voice- or share together- goes a long way toward explaining its political influence.
chapter 10 1. People who work aren't happy with the rules, but still don't do anything about it. 2. The US limits exportations 3. People don't really decide how much they want to buy, because they don't have the freedom.
chapter 12 1. The seed-to-shirt coalition has been a reliable mainstay for generations that began to splinter in the early 1990s. 2. The final trade of textile and apparel quotas was lifted as scheduled on January 1st 2005. 3. The early events of 2003 caused for relief even before the new restraints on China. I've learned that by the year of 2007 China began purchasing more than twice the amount of U.S. cotton as to the U.S. textile industry. The conclusion I reached was that the industry was successful internationally.
chapter 11 pgs 182-184 The professionals and the public opinions about trade are not on the same page. For example, protesters want Wal-Mart "to stop its union-bashing, and to improve its pay and benefits for employees." However, Wal-Mart "supplies about 25 percent of the U.S. apparel market with goods.
Chapter 12 Despite the scrambling by auggie and his troops as well as the support from his allies around the world, the final trancle of textile and apparel quotas was lifted as scheduled on January 1st 2005 Chapter 12 For the dozen of developing countries who had feared being swallowed by china, The events of early 2005 was caused for relief even before the new restrains on china which where announced Chapter 12 United states wasnt the only big country developing things. They had china and they are one of the biggest countries developing things such as turning cotton into cloth.
chapter 12 1. The seed-to-shirt coalition has been a reliable mainstay for generations that began to splinter in the early 1990s. 2. The final trade of textile and apparel quotas was lifted as scheduled on January 1st 2005. 3. The early events of 2003 caused for relief even before the new restraints on China. I've learned that by the year of 2007 China began purchasing more than twice the amount of U.S. cotton as to the U.S. textile industry. The conclusion I reached was that the industry was successful internationally.
Alfonso Martinez Per. 4 Chapter 11 1. The essence of a market economy depends on creative destruction: the destruction of certain jobs and industries for the creation of others.
2. The gains for China meant losses for everyone else. China was the fastest, cheapest, and best, which meant more business would buy more from them and less from others which put them at risk for bankruptcy.
3. Professional and public opinion are not on the same page when it comes to trade. For example, protesters want Wal-Mart to "stop its union bashing, and to improve its pay and benefits for employees." However, Wal-Mart "supplies 25% of the U.S. apparel market with goods."
In this chapter I learned that businesses destroy other business in order to create new ones. Also, China is the leader in manufacturing, making competition in other countries more difficult.
CH:9 In order to have apparel from other countries, the apparel must pass the Yarn- Forward test.The CAFTA set certain regulations on the shipment of apparel. Countries can only send a limited amount of products to other countries depending on the fabrics used.
Chapter 11 pages 191-195 In chapter 11 they discussed the gains and for China meant losses for virtually everybody else. China was the fastest, cheapest, and the best, which meant businesses would start to buy more from China, which meant China would be working longer hours and only be getting paid pennies
Chapter 11 pgs. 174-176 The AYSA (American Yarn Spinners) have limited the ability of American fabric producers to obtain the best yarn at the best prices. Economic costs of protecting U.S. textile and apparel industries= costs U.S. 7 to 10 billion dollars.
Chapter 9 -The shipping container stacked with T-shirts boards are freighter in Shanghai and heads back across the pacific. -The textile and apparel trade is the most managed and protected manufacturing trade in the U.S history. -Auggie Tantillo is executive director of the American manufacturing Trade Action Coalition (AMTAC) an advocacy group dedicated to preserve manufacturing jobs in the U.S textile / apparel
Chapter 11 During the Bush administration the quotas on textile imports increased and the tariffs on such imports decreased. DUe to the fact that Bush was trying to help, Pakistan, following the September 11 attack. Although textile imports have increased the jobs have not. The jobs are not being shipped over seas nor, instead they are being taken over by machinery that are more efficient and have better productivity.
ch 10 “When a pack of dogs snarl together, people have to listen”. The retailers all work together because they know each other. Americans are scared to trade with china because it can affect small communities. Aggie was a college graduate who went to Clemson University. He had illusions about Washington but they were shattered when he found out the truth about Washington. Japan would fall prey to the communist if the U.S. didn’t open their markets. The U.S encouraged their trading partners to upgrade to wool, nylon, and polyester.
Chapter 9 There are many rules & regulations of importing, exporting, and the making/creating, of T-shirts and where they come. Many of the U.S firms don't believe that they should compete with sweatshops that pay their workers 50 cents. The textile and apparel trade is one of the most managed and protected manufacturing trade in us history. The shipping and trade is what protects the jobs in the U.S
Chapter 9 Politics in the market economy is just as important as the market economy itself. Chinese apparel has captured 85% of apparel imports in several other industrialized countries. In order to have apparel from other countries the apparel must pass a test. China is winning the race to the bottom and the United States is not going down without a fight.
chapter 14: 1. Towards the end of a t-shirts life is a global industry where it pays to be the little guy and where the power equation is flipped upside down from the multinational corporations. 2. The majority of the countries populations survives by subsistence agriculture and still lives below poverty live and more than 40% of adults couldn't read. 3. For every gap shirt in perfect condition that might fetch $3 there will be a dozen prices that will be hard to unload even at 50 cents.
Americans increasingly concerned about free trade agreement the china threat outsourcing labors and environmental standards and a host of related issues.
My t-shirts reveals that the moral and political discussion are critical today if double movement is to have wide spread blessing.
-the future isn't perfect, but it is brighter than it used to be. period 4
chapter 14: 1. Towards the end of a t-shirts life is a global industry where it pays to be the little guy and where the power equation is flipped upside down from the multinational corporations. 2. The majority of the countries populations survives by subsistence agriculture and still lives below poverty live and more than 40% of adults couldn't read. 3. For every gap shirt in perfect condition that might fetch $3 there will be a dozen prices that will be hard to unload even at 50 cents.
Conclusion 1. It's not the companies fault for the low wages it is the governments fault because they allow this to happen to their people 2.People in other countries don't get political protections or opportunities they also don't have a voice 3. We should keep the sweatshops but we should improve the working conditions and the way our global economy works
I learned that the governments hold responsibility in this process and in order to improve the global economy we have to improve the way we work together as a whole and not just one country trying to dominate the economy.
In chapter 14 pages 227-229, it discussed how Tanzania is one of the poorest countries in the world and how they rely on other countries to export goods and clothing to them. I also learned that America is one of the largest countries that import and export goods to other countries. America is also one of the largest countries that send clothing to Tanzania.
1. Many mitumba businesses have to adjust prices daily depending on what people want, what they will pay for, and what people show up. Clothing that cost a dime at noon might cost, "two for a penny" in the evening.
2. Tanzania is one of the poorest countries in the world, and America sends all of their used clothes to Tanzania and other neighboring countries.
3. I DO NOT UNDERSTAND MARTIN'S HANDWRITING.
Summary: Even though Tanzania (and neighboring countries) is very poor, the people struggle daily to make a living and manage to somewhat keep up with all the demands.
Chapter 15 1. The barriers to the Mitumba trade have in large measure been created by the groans of the local textile industry, which echo those of Americans threatened by Chinese T-shirts in 2008 or British threatened by Indian cottons in 1720.
2. In Kenya, more than 87 textile factories closed between 1990 and 1998, and Tanzania. In at least one case, a large fire was set in a Mitumba market, allegedly by textile workers threatened by the trade.
3. About 30,000 jobs in Zambia’s textile industry have been lost in recent years, approximately the same number that have been lost during the same period in North Carolina.
Summary: I learned that there is a lot of feeling threatened going on. There is also a lot of jobs being lost. Also, the Mitumba trade have in large measure been created by the groans of the local textile industry.
1. While the United States has experienced an unbroken string of merchandise trade deficits for more than 30 years, recycled clothing has been a consistently successful export industry. 2. The global used clothing industry is also fascinating study in the market for "snowflakes," as almost every item of clothing that enters the trade is unique. 3. Half of the shirts that enter the Trans-Americas factory do not have another life as clothing, as there is virtually no demand form the world market for clothing that is torn, excessively worn, or stained.
chapter 14 1. In chapter 14 pages 227-229, it discussed how Tanzania is one of the poorest countries in the world. America sends all their use clothes to them.
2. Women buy more clothes and they use them less than men. This makes it better for the women in Africa because they get to have good clothes to wear. Men buy less and wear their clothes longer than women, which makes it hard for men in Africa to have good clothes send to them. 3. Many mitumba businesses have to adjust prices daily depending on what people want , what they will pay for , and what people show up. Clothing that cost a dime at noon might cost " two for a penny" in the evening.
The Conclusion Explains the t-shirt’s story. How the t-shirt traveled throughout different countries and how it was made in the different regions. The t-shirt had an impact. It reveals that the moral and political discussions are critical today if the double movement is to have widespread blessings. Along the travels from the t-shirt there is a chain of friends that come along with it. It is stretched all around the world with different people with different races and religions.
Chapter 15 The barriers to the Mitumba trade have been largely erected by the groans of local textile industries.
Although the Mitumba trade may have destroyed jobs, it created some as well.
Banning Mitumba imports will only lead to people finding their way around the barriers.
The Mitumba trade is a second hand clothing trade. This trade was created based off of local textile industries. Banning these imports would not do not anything, there would still be people trying to go around the law and trade second hand clothing.
ch 13 This chapter talks about how wasteful us americans are that we buy clothes and use it a few times then we get rid of them just because we are tired of wearing them. “Some of the moms admit that later in the afternoon they would be headed to the mall to buy more stuff, and that next year they would likely be unloading that as well.” The United States has been the world’s largest exporter of used clothing. Every piece of clothing that enters the global trade is called “snowflakes”. Because every single item of clothing is different.
Chapter 15 1. In both the richest and poorest countries of the world, critics of the used clothing trade are not hard to find. 2. As for employment, while mitumba may destroy some jobs, it very clearly creates others. 3. The moribound textile industry in East Africa is testament no so much to mitumba but to the handicaps faced by African manufacturing.
Chapter 14 1.Majority of the countries populations survives by substances agricultural and still lives below the poverty line and more than 40% of adults couldn't read 2.For every gap shirt in perfect condition that might fetch $3 there will be a dozen prices that will be hard to unload even at 50 cents 3.Towards the end of t-shirt life is a global industry where it pays to be the little guy and where the power education is flipped upside down from the multinational cooperation.
Chapter 15 The barriers to the mitumba trade have in large measures been erected by the groans of the local textile industry which echo those of the Americans threatened by chinese T-shirts in 2008 or British treathining. People believe that T-shirts donation should go to Africa instead. The Mitumba trade is a second hand clothing trade. This trade was created based off of local textile industries. Banning these imports would not do not anything, there would still be people trying to go around the law and trade second hand clothing.
Chapter 13. 1. The only time a free market is actually practiced is when the U.S trades and sell used t-shirts. 2. The snowflake factor means that the most successful firms in the industry are those with highly developed expertise in picking out species snowflakes, and with worldwide but personal relationships that allow them to match snowflakes with customers. 3. The amount of used clothing exports has grown six times larger by 2007 because of supply but no demanding.
The snowflake factor has important implications for how the industry is structured and what it takes to win.
Chapter 13 1. While the U.S. had experienced an unbroken string of merchandise trade deficits for more than 30 years, recycled clothing has been a consistently successful exported industry. 2. The world has used clothing industry is also fascinating study in the market for "snowflakes," as almost every item of clothing that enters the trade is unique. 3. Half of the T-shirts that enter the Trans-Americas factory do not have another life as clothing, as there is virtually no demand from the world market for clothing that is torn, excessively worn, or stained and damaged.
1. In the poorest and the richest countries of the world, Critics of the used to be clothing trade are not hard to find, 2. Without polluting chemicals or the processes the industry recycles virtually 100% textiles it receives. 3. Twelve million tons of textile was generated and approximately fifteen percent of it was recovered
1. ironic how there's two sides to the high wages that have caused the demise of U.S. textile and apparel manufacturing. 2. The wages that have taken away america's manufacturing has also simultaneously led it to a new comparative advantage. 3. That advantage being that between 1995 and 2007 the united states exported nearly nine billion pounds of used clothing and other worn textile products to the rest of the world and the industry now has customers in more than 100 countries.
Americas higher and middle class excel at throwing things away. It seems like the richer we become the more the mounds of cast-off clothing rise. Just to put into perspective during the past decade the united states has become the world's largest exporter of used clothing.
Chapter 13 The US is the biggest importer of textile products in the world. As a result the US is also the biggest used clothing seller and donator. The US has so much used clothing that there are not enough people to be given all this used clothing. Although the textile industry is intervened by the Gov. the used clothing market is not. The used clothing market is actually a true free market, solely relying on the consumer and the seller for profit.
Chapter 15 This chapter covers Mitumba, Africa's struggles with exportation and the buying and selling of their goods, and the management of their items. The reason they have struggles with exportation is because African press is riddled with derisive comments about the quality and price of locally made products, and with references to poor management and the failure of the local textile corporations to serve their customers.
Title your post with (Your Name) and your assigned (Chapter)
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Write your evaluation/reflection/response to the chapter
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ReplyDeleteThe whole chapter is about cotton mills and the working that comes along with it. The biggest provider of cotton was Japan until WW2 came about and there weren't as many people were working for it. Mostly women because they were "naive, diligent, and nimble". They were paid very little because they were naive. Later on the workers were mostly inmates in jail and the hours were longer and the pay was minimal. Chapter 6.
ReplyDeleteThis comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteChapter 4
ReplyDelete1. The way cotton was evaluated and payed for was improved, as a result the quality of cotton improved.
2. Government subsides payed cotton farmers more than what the cotton was worth, so that in return the farmers would sell the cotton at a lower price, but still make a profit.
3. The manufacturing of cotton improved and this lead to an immense number of products made from cotton and cotton seeds.
Chapter 4
ReplyDeleteThe largest production of cotton seed in the us is 1,200 tons of cotton seed oil in a day.Approximately 30 percent of the finalized product of the cotton seed is used for fertilizer, garden mulch and soil conditioner. Plains Yazoo Cotton Oil Mill is the worlds largest cotton oil seed production and the largest oilmill.
James Martinez - Chapter 4
ReplyDeleteChapter 4 covers the journey of Reinsches' cotton to China that begins with a trip to Citizen's Shallowater Cooperative Cotton Gin. The process being: Backward to seed, Forward to Denim. Farmers make profit at every step. After the cotton is materialized, the final step is marketing. With marketing, farmers usually take the first deal they can get because it can be sort of a brutal process.
My reflection on this chapter is, although very boring, it is infinitely informing on the process of constructing cotton and packaging and marketing. Marketing being the hardest process for the farmers since they have to go out of their norm. The chapter concludes with dealing with worms, who won the battle in Chapter 4, because of the use of the wrong pesticides.
Lucero Gomez Chapter 7
ReplyDelete1. Accidents of birth have always shaped destiny. In China, the accidents is hukou. To the worker, hukou is the leash, but to the textile industry, hukou is competitive strength, ensuring a stable and cheap labor force for the urban industry.
2. On the farm, China has poor working condition: low pay, long hours, rights are limited, dusty air quality.
3. 12 hours a day, $7 per week. Spend $1 on clothes a week.
Evaluation: Since working conditions are so rough and the worker only get paid $7 a week they can only spend a dollar on clothing per week but some say that they should only be spending 25 cents on clothing per week.
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ReplyDeleteChapter 4
ReplyDelete1.The USA produces the most cotton.
2. California produces the best quality of cotton. Texas being the lowest. Black men's cotton is cheaper then white men's cotton.
3. Cotton can be used in many different things like chips, catfish, Food.
There is racism, because people who are black, get paid less for there cotton. California has better cotton than Texas, because Texas doesn't have a very advanced technology, and even if they did, it would be hard for them to even get paid more, because they are known for having bad cotton.
Cassandra Cortez Chapter 6
ReplyDelete1. In the decade ending in 1897, Southern textile exports to China more than double. In the late 1800s, China purchased more than half of U.S. cloth exports and more than half of U.S. exports to China were cotton textiles…
2. In the early part of the twentieth century, southern girls entered the mills as young as age 7.
3. In the early 1900s, researchers sent by the U.S. government to examine the Japanese textile industries found that wages for cotton mill workers in Japan were 20 to 47 percent lower than wages in the United States and England, even when they accounted for productivity differences.
Summary: They start working at a really young age. Also what's the reason for Japan being 20 to 47 percent lower than wages in the United States, if when they accounted for productivity differences.
DeleteAlfonso Martinez Ch. 5
ReplyDelete1. Since 1980, Chinese apparel exports have grown at an average rate of 30%, more than 6 times the rate of growth in merchandise trade. Americans purchase approximately 1 billion garments every year, about 4 per citizen.
2. Pietra was really welcomed at first at the beginning because she not not someone famous. However, after she wrote her book and tried to go back to the factory, she was denied access.
3. The process is transformation rather than assembly and almost every stage of the process is circular rather than linear: winding, twisting, spinning, coiling.
Summary: Chinese manufacturing companies are very high in demand, yet they are very secretive about their processes. The process is different from the general consensus, but nonetheless the Chinese are a powerhouse in the manufacturing business.
Industrial inventions helped produce more products.Therefore less workers were needed and cost of products went down.
ReplyDeleteAntonio Choperena chapter 4
ReplyDelete1. Cotton is not just used for t shirts it is also used for for food and cooking oil. Cotton seed is really popular and is used in chips and even ice cream to reduce ice crystals. Also it is used to make catfish and cow food.
2.the U.S is clearly the most powerful when it comes to yields, technology, farm income, and farm size.
3. American farmers are paid more than African farmers. The yields in Africa are half the size of the ones in America. African has low labor costs so people take advantage by paying them less.
chapter: 4
ReplyDeleteCotton growers have also shown an astounding ability to coax value out of cotton production by throwing nothing away and finding somebody , anybody, to eat or to buy it. Out of the 22,000 pounds of cotton that leave Nelson's farm in the module truck, only about 5,300 pounds is the white lint that will be returned into T-shirts.
Chapter 5 pages 77-79 discusses the how cotton is traveled from Texas,New Mexico, and Nevada, then travels to California then is shipped over the Pacific to China. The chapter basically discussed how the United States is the one growing all the cotton and as soon as China gets a hold of it and makes it a t-shirt it automatically turns into a "Made in China" label.
ReplyDeleteChapter 7
ReplyDeleteOn the farm, china has poor working conditions. Such as low pay, long hours, rights are limited to the workers, and dusty air quality. A 9 year old girl not engaged in textile works but busy driving bullocks to fields and back at it again. She also cleans out their houses, and bedding them up; washes potatoes and boil them for pigs. The field working sucks but the Amazon Cotton Mill is a different story, The factory working life experience is easier than field working.
chapter 4 The 3 main points were that west african farmers receive less pay while the u.s. farmers receive more pay. some of the african farmers think they are gazelles while in the high political power government think they are lions. farmers,migrant workers slave & share croppers don't get some of the basic freedom & in the labor market.
ReplyDeleteChapter 4
ReplyDeleteThe cotton industry has several different factors when it comes to how well it does and is used for several different purposes. The price of cotton can depend on the location and exactly where it is coming from. The leftover cotton that is not used for a shift goes to food like chips and ice cream and gets turned into food. Ultimately, the most powerful when it comes to the cotton industry and many other things is the U.S.
the u.s is clearly the most powerful when it comes to yields, technology, farm income and size. The main point was what happens to the cotton that is not used for a shirt for example it goes to foods like chips and ice cream it gets turned into food or catfish and cows. american farmers get paid more than west african farmers their yields are half of those in u.s people in west africa have low labor cost so they get paid less.
ReplyDeleteChapter 7
ReplyDeleteThe industrial revolution helped increase production rate, therefore the demand for workers lessened and the price of products were lowered. In the late 1800’s textile exports doubled and China purchased more than half of U.S. cloth exports. In the late 1900’s research showed that cotton mill wages were lower in other countries.
Working conditions were compared to life and jail while a physician who visited the mills noticed right away that prison working hours were shorter and lunch breaks were longer. Most of the workers were very poor children and weren't complaining cause of the money they were earning.
ReplyDeletechapter 6.
Chapter 6
ReplyDeleteMajority workers were children that were poor. They could start working at the age of five. These workers wouldn't complain about the money they earned, all they care about is actually getting the money. Children and adults would work because they came from poor families and they needed money so they would work.
Miguel M
ReplyDeleteCh. 7
Sisters in Time
1 Jiang Lan is one of many examples of docility on a leash. Working eight hours per day, six days per week in the number 36 yarn factory in Shanghai. Working without complain.
2 Factors such as supply and price of labor are crucial in understanding china's leadership position in this industry.
3 The compete story requires not only that we understand supply and price, terms that have meaning through the global market, but also that we understand Lan's limited life in China.
It all stems from eighteenth-century English ideals. A good worker is one who as worked for low-end textile and apparel factories and one who has endure repetitive drudgery not just cheaply, but willingly and uncomplainingly.
chapter 5
ReplyDelete1 since 1980 qpparel expor have grow at an average rate 30% more than the american is the 6% .
2 the process is tranformation rather than assemby and almost every stage of the is a circular rather than linear .
3 pietra was really welcomen at the began becauses was no someone after she had written her book, she try to go back, but since she had written a book , they a denied
Ch. 4 49-53
ReplyDelete1. The Citizen's Shallowater Cooperative Cotton Gin is like a community cotton gin. Farmers weren't making as much money as people who owned cotton gins, so a group of farmers decided to buy a cotton gin to be in control.
2. the lint that makes t-shirts is only 24 % of the cotton that leaves the farm. The rest is Burs, Sticks, Trash and seed.
3. Cottonseed oil is very popular in foods. It is preferred by chefs and many other snack companies.
My own thoughts are that farmers are taking advantage and now are thriving in their businesses, because of it.
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ReplyDeleteChapter 7
DeleteJiang Lan gets paid a little bit of money but works 6 hours 6 days per week “She likes her job”. she is the ideal worker because she doesn’t complain and she does the work she is told to do. “The Chinese government controls workers in ways that are bad for China’s human rights records but very good for production of T-shirts”. China is a communist country and they use the hukou system. It holds a record of the people living in a house.
Chapter 4
ReplyDeleteChina was one of the largest to produce cotton in 2008 and started using the Bt seed which helped the environment. Africa was one of the poorest countries to produce cotton compared to U.S. Nelson Reinsch lost all his crops due to the worms, became a serious problems in this countries.
chapter 5
ReplyDelete1. since 1980,Chinese apparel exports have grown at an average rate of 30% more than 6 times the rate of growth in merchandise trade. Americas purchase approximately of 1 billion garments ever year, about 4 per citizen.
2. Pietra, the writer of the book, was really welcome to go inside the factors in china . After she had written her book, she tried to go back to the factors but she was denied because she had become someone, a writer.
3.the process is transformation rather than assembly and almost every stage of the process is circular, rather than linear winding,twisting, spinning, coiling.
chapter 10
ReplyDeletepeople aren't happy with the rules but don't really do anything about it.
Chapter 10
ReplyDelete1.The US controls where and who we buy t-shirts from. They do this because they don't want 1 country selling them all the shirts because it is unfair to the other countries.
2.The US taxes where people buy the t-shirts from so it'll effect where we get our shirts from.
3. A argument is should the poorest countries be freed from quotas or should the bigger exporters be allowed to go first
I learned that people don't have the freedom to buy as much cotton as they want from where they want.
1. Since world war 2 ended, every U.S. president has publicly supported the doctrine of free trade either because they felt it kept Communism or war away or because they felt it was the best economic policy.
ReplyDelete2. In 2004 poor countries cam together to shape the global trade agenda.
3. The government limits exploitation
People aren't happy with the rules, but don't really do anything about it.
Chapter 10
DeleteJames Martinez - Chapter 9
ReplyDeleteThis chapter covers the rules & regulations of importing, exporting, and the making/creating, of T-shirts and where they come from and where they go to. Textile & apparel trade us the most managed and protected manufacturing trade in U.S History. The rules governing apparel imports into the U.S seemed to change almost daily. The restrictions and regulations governing apparel imports are written, administered, and enforced by hundreds of lobbyists and lawyers, also bureaucrats from the Department of Treasury, the Department of Commerce, the Congressional Textile Caucus, etc.
Chapter 9
ReplyDelete1. Between 2000 and 2007, the U.S. textile and apparel industries lost more than one-half of their remaining jobs, and looming on Auggie’s horizon... and on the horizon of manufactures everywhere... is the China threat, as well as a new set of rules to take force in 2009.
2. In 1991, more than half of Americans’ clothing was produced domestically, but in 2007, 95 percent of the 20 billion garments Americans purchased were produced overseas.
3. In July 2003, the leaders of the ATMI, CRI, GTMA, THA, AFAI, NCMA, and TDA joined forces in a powerful alphabet army to demand that the Bush of Administration take action against China.
Summary: I learned that everyone wants to stop China, because it is increased in production and everyone else is slowing down.
Chapter 9
ReplyDelete1. In U.S. textiles and apparel trade is the most managed and protected manufacturing in history. 2. Government officials and members of the congress want free trade in T-shirts. 3. The restrictions and regulations governing apparel imports are written, administer, and enforced by hundreds of lobbyists and lawyers. Also bureaucrats from the Department of Treasury, etc..
Chapter 10
ReplyDelete1. After WWII approximately 2.5 million workers in the U.S. in 2008 about 500,00 people were still employed.
2. About 4% of manufacturing employment.
3. The extent to which the industry can speak with one voice- or share together- goes a long way toward explaining its political influence.
chapter 10
ReplyDelete1. People who work aren't happy with the rules, but still don't do anything about it.
2. The US limits exportations
3. People don't really decide how much they want to buy, because they don't have the freedom.
chapter 12
ReplyDelete1. The seed-to-shirt coalition has been a reliable mainstay for generations that began to splinter in the early 1990s.
2. The final trade of textile and apparel quotas was lifted as scheduled on January 1st 2005.
3. The early events of 2003 caused for relief even before the new restraints on China.
I've learned that by the year of 2007 China began purchasing more than twice the amount of U.S. cotton as to the U.S. textile industry. The conclusion I reached was that the industry was successful internationally.
chapter 11 pgs 182-184
ReplyDeleteThe professionals and the public opinions about trade are not on the same page. For example, protesters want Wal-Mart "to stop its union-bashing, and to improve its pay and benefits for employees." However, Wal-Mart "supplies about 25 percent of the U.S. apparel market with goods.
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ReplyDeleteChapter 12
ReplyDeleteDespite the scrambling by auggie and his troops as well as the support from his allies around the world, the final trancle of textile and apparel quotas was lifted as scheduled on January 1st 2005
Chapter 12
For the dozen of developing countries who had feared being swallowed by china, The events of early 2005 was caused for relief even before the new restrains on china which where announced
Chapter 12
United states wasnt the only big country developing things. They had china and they are one of the biggest countries developing things such as turning cotton into cloth.
chapter 12
ReplyDelete1. The seed-to-shirt coalition has been a reliable mainstay for generations that began to splinter in the early 1990s.
2. The final trade of textile and apparel quotas was lifted as scheduled on January 1st 2005.
3. The early events of 2003 caused for relief even before the new restraints on China.
I've learned that by the year of 2007 China began purchasing more than twice the amount of U.S. cotton as to the U.S. textile industry. The conclusion I reached was that the industry was successful internationally.
Alfonso Martinez Per. 4 Chapter 11
ReplyDelete1. The essence of a market economy depends on creative destruction: the destruction of certain jobs and industries for the creation of others.
2. The gains for China meant losses for everyone else. China was the fastest, cheapest, and best, which meant more business would buy more from them and less from others which put them at risk for bankruptcy.
3. Professional and public opinion are not on the same page when it comes to trade. For example, protesters want Wal-Mart to "stop its union bashing, and to improve its pay and benefits for employees." However, Wal-Mart "supplies 25% of the U.S. apparel market with goods."
In this chapter I learned that businesses destroy other business in order to create new ones. Also, China is the leader in manufacturing, making competition in other countries more difficult.
CH:9
ReplyDeleteIn order to have apparel from other countries, the apparel must pass the Yarn- Forward test.The CAFTA set certain regulations on the shipment of apparel. Countries can only send a limited amount of products to other countries depending on the fabrics used.
Chapter 11 pages 191-195
ReplyDeleteIn chapter 11 they discussed the gains and for China meant losses for virtually everybody else. China was the fastest, cheapest, and the best, which meant businesses would start to buy more from China, which meant China would be working longer hours and only be getting paid pennies
Chapter 11 pgs. 174-176
ReplyDeleteThe AYSA (American Yarn Spinners) have limited the ability of American fabric producers to obtain the best yarn at the best prices. Economic costs of protecting U.S. textile and apparel industries= costs U.S. 7 to 10 billion dollars.
Chapter 9
ReplyDelete-The shipping container stacked with T-shirts boards are freighter in Shanghai and heads back across the pacific.
-The textile and apparel trade is the most managed and protected manufacturing trade in the U.S history.
-Auggie Tantillo is executive director of the American manufacturing Trade Action
Coalition (AMTAC) an advocacy group dedicated to preserve manufacturing jobs in the U.S textile / apparel
Chapter 11
ReplyDeleteDuring the Bush administration the quotas on textile imports increased and the tariffs on such imports decreased. DUe to the fact that Bush was trying to help, Pakistan, following the September 11 attack. Although textile imports have increased the jobs have not. The jobs are not being shipped over seas nor, instead they are being taken over by machinery that are more efficient and have better productivity.
ch 10
ReplyDelete“When a pack of dogs snarl together, people have to listen”. The retailers all work together because they know each other. Americans are scared to trade with china because it can affect small communities. Aggie was a college graduate who went to Clemson University. He had illusions about Washington but they were shattered when he found out the truth about Washington. Japan would fall prey to the communist if the U.S. didn’t open their markets. The U.S encouraged their trading partners to upgrade to wool, nylon, and polyester.
Chapter 9
ReplyDeleteThere are many rules & regulations of importing, exporting, and the making/creating, of T-shirts and where they come. Many of the U.S firms don't believe that they should compete with sweatshops that pay their workers 50 cents. The textile and apparel trade is one of the most managed and protected manufacturing trade in us history. The shipping and trade is what protects the jobs in the U.S
the T-shirt is was bomingh the production are presiecely , the high and the factories in america south tht produces a variety the t-shir
ReplyDeletethe china factories losses for the virtually everybody else
the assence of market economy depends c the produccionn and and these procces is the destruction of jods
Chapter 9
ReplyDeletePolitics in the market economy is just as important as the market economy itself. Chinese apparel has captured 85% of apparel imports in several other industrialized countries. In order to have apparel from other countries the apparel must pass a test. China is winning the race to the bottom and the United States is not going down without a fight.
chapter 14:
ReplyDelete1. Towards the end of a t-shirts life is a global industry where it pays to be the little guy and where the power equation is flipped upside down from the multinational corporations.
2. The majority of the countries populations survives by subsistence agriculture and still lives below poverty live and more than 40% of adults couldn't read.
3. For every gap shirt in perfect condition that might fetch $3 there will be a dozen prices that will be hard to unload even at 50 cents.
Americans increasingly concerned about free trade agreement the china threat outsourcing labors and environmental standards and a host of related issues.
ReplyDeleteMy t-shirts reveals that the moral and political discussion are critical today if double movement is to have wide spread blessing.
-the future isn't perfect, but it is brighter than it used to be.
period 4
conclusion
Deletechapter 14:
ReplyDelete1. Towards the end of a t-shirts life is a global industry where it pays to be the little guy and where the power equation is flipped upside down from the multinational corporations.
2. The majority of the countries populations survives by subsistence agriculture and still lives below poverty live and more than 40% of adults couldn't read.
3. For every gap shirt in perfect condition that might fetch $3 there will be a dozen prices that will be hard to unload even at 50 cents.
Conclusion
ReplyDelete1. It's not the companies fault for the low wages it is the governments fault because they allow this to happen to their people
2.People in other countries don't get political protections or opportunities they also don't have a voice
3. We should keep the sweatshops but we should improve the working conditions and the way our global economy works
I learned that the governments hold responsibility in this process and in order to improve the global economy we have to improve the way we work together as a whole and not just one country trying to dominate the economy.
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ReplyDeleteIn chapter 14 pages 227-229, it discussed how Tanzania is one of the poorest countries in the world and how they rely on other countries to export goods and clothing to them. I also learned that America is one of the largest countries that import and export goods to other countries. America is also one of the largest countries that send clothing to Tanzania.
ReplyDeleteAlfonso Martinez Per.4 Ch. 14
ReplyDelete1. Many mitumba businesses have to adjust prices daily depending on what people want, what they will pay for, and what people show up. Clothing that cost a dime at noon might cost, "two for a penny" in the evening.
2. Tanzania is one of the poorest countries in the world, and America sends all of their used clothes to Tanzania and other neighboring countries.
3. I DO NOT UNDERSTAND MARTIN'S HANDWRITING.
Summary: Even though Tanzania (and neighboring countries) is very poor, the people struggle daily to make a living and manage to somewhat keep up with all the demands.
Chapter 15
ReplyDelete1. The barriers to the Mitumba trade have in large measure been created by the groans of the local textile industry, which echo those of Americans threatened by Chinese T-shirts in 2008 or British threatened by Indian cottons in 1720.
2. In Kenya, more than 87 textile factories closed between 1990 and 1998, and Tanzania. In at least one case, a large fire was set in a Mitumba market, allegedly by textile workers threatened by the trade.
3. About 30,000 jobs in Zambia’s textile industry have been lost in recent years, approximately the same number that have been lost during the same period in North Carolina.
Summary: I learned that there is a lot of feeling threatened going on. There is also a lot of jobs being lost. Also, the Mitumba trade have in large measure been created by the groans of the local textile industry.
Chapter 13
ReplyDelete1. While the United States has experienced an unbroken string of merchandise trade deficits for more than 30 years, recycled clothing has been a consistently successful export industry.
2. The global used clothing industry is also fascinating study in the market for "snowflakes," as almost every item of clothing that enters the trade is unique.
3. Half of the shirts that enter the Trans-Americas factory do not have another life as clothing, as there is virtually no demand form the world market for clothing that is torn, excessively worn, or stained.
chapter 14
ReplyDelete1. In chapter 14 pages 227-229, it discussed how Tanzania is one of the poorest countries in the world. America sends all their use clothes to them.
2. Women buy more clothes and they use them less than men. This makes it better for the women in Africa because they get to have good clothes to wear. Men buy less and wear their clothes longer than women, which makes it hard for men in Africa to have good clothes send to them.
3. Many mitumba businesses have to adjust prices daily depending on what people want , what they will pay for , and what people show up. Clothing that cost a dime at noon might cost " two for a penny" in the evening.
The Conclusion
ReplyDeleteExplains the t-shirt’s story. How the t-shirt traveled throughout different countries and how it was made in the different regions.
The t-shirt had an impact. It reveals that the moral and political discussions are critical today if the double movement is to have widespread blessings.
Along the travels from the t-shirt there is a chain of friends that come along with it. It is stretched all around the world with different people with different races and religions.
Chapter 15
ReplyDeleteThe barriers to the Mitumba trade have been largely erected by the groans of local textile industries.
Although the Mitumba trade may have destroyed jobs, it created some as well.
Banning Mitumba imports will only lead to people finding their way around the barriers.
The Mitumba trade is a second hand clothing trade. This trade was created based off of local textile industries. Banning these imports would not do not anything, there would still be people trying to go around the law and trade second hand clothing.
ch 13
ReplyDeleteThis chapter talks about how wasteful us americans are that we buy clothes and use it a few times then we get rid of them just because we are tired of wearing them. “Some of the moms admit that later in the afternoon they would be headed to the mall to buy more stuff, and that next year they would likely be unloading that as well.” The United States has been the world’s largest exporter of used clothing. Every piece of clothing that enters the global trade is called “snowflakes”. Because every single item of clothing is different.
Chapter 15
ReplyDelete1. In both the richest and poorest countries of the world, critics of the used clothing trade are not hard to find.
2. As for employment, while mitumba may destroy some jobs, it very clearly creates others.
3. The moribound textile industry in East Africa is testament no so much to mitumba but to the handicaps faced by African manufacturing.
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ReplyDeleteThe barriers to the mitumba trade have in large measure been erected by the groans of the local textile industry.
ReplyDeletech:15
ReplyDeleteChapter 14
ReplyDelete1.Majority of the countries populations survives by substances agricultural and still lives below the poverty line and more than 40% of adults couldn't read
2.For every gap shirt in perfect condition that might fetch $3 there will be a dozen prices that will be hard to unload even at 50 cents
3.Towards the end of t-shirt life is a global industry where it pays to be the little guy and where the power education is flipped upside down from the multinational cooperation.
Chapter 15
ReplyDeleteThe barriers to the mitumba trade have in large measures been erected by the groans of the local textile industry which echo those of the Americans threatened by chinese T-shirts in 2008 or British treathining. People believe that T-shirts donation should go to Africa instead. The Mitumba trade is a second hand clothing trade. This trade was created based off of local textile industries. Banning these imports would not do not anything, there would still be people trying to go around the law and trade second hand clothing.
Ch. 13
ReplyDelete1. nice
2. nice
3. nice
My analysis: nice
Chapter 13.
ReplyDelete1. The only time a free market is actually practiced is when the U.S trades and sell used t-shirts.
2. The snowflake factor means that the most successful firms in the industry are those with highly developed expertise in picking out species snowflakes, and with worldwide but personal relationships that allow them to match snowflakes with customers.
3. The amount of used clothing exports has grown six times larger by 2007 because of supply but no demanding.
The snowflake factor has important implications for how the industry is structured and what it takes to win.
Chapter 13
ReplyDelete1. While the U.S. had experienced an unbroken string of merchandise trade deficits for more than 30 years, recycled clothing has been a consistently successful exported industry.
2. The world has used clothing industry is also fascinating study in the market for "snowflakes," as almost every item of clothing that enters the trade is unique.
3. Half of the T-shirts that enter the Trans-Americas factory do not have another life as clothing, as there is virtually no demand from the world market for clothing that is torn, excessively worn, or stained and damaged.
1. In the poorest and the richest countries of the world, Critics of the used to be clothing trade are not hard to find,
ReplyDelete2. Without polluting chemicals or the processes the industry recycles virtually 100% textiles it receives.
3. Twelve million tons of textile was generated and approximately fifteen percent of it was recovered
Ch. 13
ReplyDelete1. ironic how there's two sides to the high wages that have caused the demise of U.S. textile and apparel manufacturing.
2. The wages that have taken away america's manufacturing has also simultaneously led it to a new comparative advantage.
3. That advantage being that between 1995 and 2007 the united states exported nearly nine billion pounds of used clothing and other worn textile products to the rest of the world and the industry now has customers in more than 100 countries.
Americas higher and middle class excel at throwing things away. It seems like the richer we become the more the mounds of cast-off clothing rise. Just to put into perspective during the past decade the united states has become the world's largest exporter of used clothing.
Chapter 13
ReplyDeleteThe US is the biggest importer of textile products in the world. As a result the US is also the biggest used clothing seller and donator. The US has so much used clothing that there are not enough people to be given all this used clothing. Although the textile industry is intervened by the Gov. the used clothing market is not. The used clothing market is actually a true free market, solely relying on the consumer and the seller for profit.
Chapter 15
ReplyDeleteThis chapter covers Mitumba, Africa's struggles with exportation and the buying and selling of their goods, and the management of their items.
The reason they have struggles with exportation is because African press is riddled with derisive comments about the quality and price of locally made products, and with references to poor management and the failure of the local textile corporations to serve their customers.